Weather Report started out as a
jazz equivalent of what the
rock world in 1970 was calling a "supergroup." But unlike most of the
rock supergroups, this one not only kept going for a good 15 years, it more than lived up to its billing, practically defining the state of the
jazz-rock art throughout almost all of its run.
Weather Report also anticipated and contributed to the North American interest in world music rhythms and structures, prodded by keyboardist/co-founder
Joe Zawinul. And
WR, like many of
jazz's great long-lived groups, proved to be an incubator for several future leaders who passed in and out of the band in a never-ending series of revolving-door personnel changes. The original members of the band were
Zawinul,
Wayne Shorter (saxophones),
Miroslav Vitous (electric bass),
Airto Moreira (percussion) and
Alphonse Mouzon (drums), with only
Zawinul and (until 1985)
Shorter remaining in place throughout the band's lifespan.
Zawinul,
Shorter and
Moreira all had experience playing in and influencing the studio and live electric bands of
Miles Davis -- and at first,
WR was a direct extension of
Miles' In a Silent Way/Bitches Brew period, with free-floating collective
improvisation and interplay, combining elements of
jazz,
rock,
funk,
latin and other ethnic musics. With the release of Sweetnighter in 1972,
Zawinul's influence upon the band's direction began to deepen; the groove became more important, structures were imposed upon the material (though the group continued its freewheeling interplay in live gigs). When the innovative bassist
Jaco Pastorius replaced
Alphonso Johnson in 1976,
WR entered its most popular phase, with
Pastorius becoming a flamboyant third lead voice,
Shorter's sax receding into more epigrammatic form, and
Zawinul rediscovering his commercial touch and sharpening his
electronic sophistication. The best-selling Heavy Weather album (1977) actually served up a hit song that became a jazz standard ("Birdland"), and with the entry of
Peter Erskine on drums (1978), the group finally had a stable lineup for awhile. Contrary to accepted wisdom, the departures of
Pastorius and
Erskine in 1982 led to a recharging of
WR's batteries; their replacements
Victor Bailey (bass),
Omar Hakim (drums),
Jose Rossy and later,
Mino Cinelu (percussion) were more amenable to
Zawinul's deepening inclinations for Third World rhythms, sounds and textures. This edition of
WR rattled off three more albums, including the outstanding Procession. But
Shorter, who had gradually ceded nearly total artistic control to
Zawinul, was getting restless; he took a leave of absence in 1985 and later that year, left
WR for good. This Is This (1985), in which
Erskine returns and
Shorter plays only a limited role, was
WR's swan song.
Zawinul would tour in 1986 with a revamped version called
Weather Update (a prelude to the keyboardist's own
Zawinul Syndicate), and there was talk in 1996 about
Zawinul and
Shorter reuniting in the studio for a new edition of
WR, but
Zawinul later deflated the speculation. ~ Richard S. Ginell, All Music Guide